议论文以议论为主要表达方式，运用概念、判断和推理来噢表明作者对某一议论对象的观点和主张。也就是作者对客观事物进行评论，以表明自己的观点和态度。更重要的是，作者还要充分论证自己观点的正确性。

一、话题式议论文

话题式议论文试题是部分仅仅给出文章话题的议论文。一般来说，这类作文仍旧是以说理为主，作者不仅要提出自己的观点，而且要充分论证自己观点的正确性。

例：

Directions: Write an English composition of over 120 words according to the points given in Chinese.

请你谈谈孩子身边的零用钱越来越多对孩子的成长有何影响。

例文：

     Nowadays, the money in Children’s pockets is getting more and more. Some people just consider this phenomenon to be a symbol of the rising of the rising standard of living. But I tend to think that it will spoil the children. Several reasons can account for this.

     For one thing, too much money leads children to form a bad habit. They use money as they like, without thinking whether the things they will buy are useful or not.

     In addition, such heavy pockets just abstract them from their studies. They are just lost in the video games.

     The over comparison among children is also responsible for this problem. With money, they buy a lot of luxurious things in order to show their companions how rich their families are.

     It is true that it is not good to give children too much money. But if the issue is treated properly by parents and children, it can develop the children’s ability in dealing with money matters at their age.

本文观点清晰，首段简明扼要地指出作者不赞成给孩子太多的零用钱。然后分别用三个分论点，分别为给孩在太多零用钱会养成孩子乱花钱的坏习惯、会影响孩子学习、会造成同学间的攀比进行论述。三个分论点平行，且每个分论点都有论据支持。作者的结尾令人印象深刻，作者虽然不赞成给孩子太多的零用钱，但他同时提出若是父母能教会孩子正确地使用零用钱，也并非一件坏事。

作者的语言表达能力较强，句型较多样，不失为一篇好文章。

二、要点式议论文

要点式议论文给出每一段落的大意。

写好这类作文要注意必须认真研究提示，提示涵盖了作文的主要内容，只有理解了提示的含义，才有可能抓住要点，明确主题，有效地组织与主题有关的素材。

例：

Directions: Write an English composition of over 120 words according to the points given in Chinese.

1、有些人认为淡水是取之不尽、用之不竭的。

2、实际上，我们的淡水资源是很缺乏的。

3、我们应该如何做呢？

例文：

     As we all know, about 3/4 of the world is covered by water. So it is reasonable for some people to think that our fresh water is inexhaustible.

     But as a matter of face, our fresh water is in rather short supply. There is a growing need for water with the increase of the population. Furthermore, our fresh water is polluted more and more seriously.

     Then, what shall we do? First, we should form a habit of saving water. In addition, it is necessary for us to protect our fresh water from being polluted. Of course, there are many other ways to help it get rid of shortage.

     In a word, every individual has the responsibility to take care of our limited fresh water. Please remember: Water is to the world what blood is to a man’s body.

本文总分总的结构与题目中的三点提示相当吻合。论述淡水缺乏的原因逻辑性较强，从供和需两方面点出原因。特别是最后一句概括，可谓是全文的点睛之笔。

三、书信式议论文

书信式议论文大都是个人书信，是个人和个人之间来往的信件，表达比较随便。同样是表达个人观点，书信式议论文的写作与一般议论文的措辞略有不同。书信中可融进少量口语体的句子（如祈使句、感叹句等）。

例：

Directions: Write an English composition of over 120 words according to the points given in Chinese.

假如你是李明，你的初中好友张刚现在不和你在一个学校念书了，他有一次写信给你，说他原来考试一直是班级第一，这一次他却被挤出了前十名。他的心里非常难受，请写一封信给他，给出你的观点，给他一些建议。

例文：

Dear Zhanggang,

     I am so glad to share some of your recent news. I can clearly recall your excellence in junior school. But I don’t think being a top student would be the single goal of your life. There are other interesting and important things.

     Since we are educated in schools, we are, to some extent, compared and judged by the score we get in exams. Such comparison and judgment just goes so far. The pursuit of high scores never makes one’s life more colorful and meaningful. Have you noticed one report that one student in Zhejiang Province killed his mother urged him to be top three in his class. He felt so desperate when he failed in one of the exams.

     Do you think that life has many aspects? Being a top student is only a small part of it. There are many things left unexplored by us. Don’t get upset because you are not No.1 any more. I am sure that you can catch up and obtain the position again. What is more important, once you look ahead and pay attention to the things other than scores, you will find that life could be so different and rich.

Sincerely yours,

Li Ming

    这封信显得思路清晰、说理严密、句型丰富、语言老练。杂症封信的论述中也展现了作者积极的人生态度。